Economics benefit evaluation of state-owned forestry region in China

This article establishes evaluation indicators for sustainable forestry region management referring to a large number of literatures on the previous study ,and carry out the forestry sustainable development comprehensive evaluation, which has extremely important and practical significance to scientifically determine the region forestry region management ,reasonable plan sustainable forest management measures, and promote local forestry sustainable development and sustainable management .


INTRODUCTION
Sustainable development is a major problem which is concerned around the world.Forestry is the important foundation of economic and social sustainable development and is the main part of the ecological construction.Forestry sustainable development has the particular status [1].
Forestry region is the basic unit of implementation of forestry sustainable management .Since the collective forest right system reform has been implemented in 2003 with national large-scale, state-owned forestry regions play an increasingly important role in this aspect.But under the market economy, state-owned forestry region is facing more and more problems, such as poor management, unreasonable supporting infrastructure construction and resources structure, etc., which seriously affect the sustainable development of state-owned forestry region.The cause of above problems lies in the lack of an index system which can regularly monitor and evaluate the condition of state-owned forestry region development, and it leads to the blindness of state-owned forestry region management activities.Therefore, it is very necessary to establish an index evaluation system to analyze the problems existed in the course of operation and development, which is the necessary request to guide the forest sustainable management, and the foundation of forestry sustainable development and safeguard [2].
On this basis, this article establishes evaluation indicators for sustainable forestry region management referring to a large number of literatures on the previous study ,and carry out the forestry sustainable development comprehensive evaluation, which has extremely important and practical significance to scientifically determine the region forestry region management , reasonable plan sustainable forest management measures, and promote local forestry sustainable development and sustainable management .

Analysis of factors for affecting the economy development of state-owned forest region Forestry policy
With China's accession to WTO, forest region needs rely on the organization and implementation of macroeconomic policy in order to achieve sustainable economic development, especially the policies of capital, credit, taxes and price, which are the key elements to directly impact on the forestry investment guide and the sustainable development.Purely from the point of price policy, under the general market law, along with the decreased of forest resource and the increased contradictory between supply and demand, forest price will be rising, but its supply and price elasticity is small, which can not reflect the market price changes quickly [3].So the national macro price policy plays an important role on forest economic benefit and sustainable development, while the economic benefits of the forestry region is restricted by forestry policy directly.

Forestry investment
Forestry investment factor is the factor which has the most direct impact on the development of economy no matter whenever it is.Forestry investment directly affects the scale, quality, efficiency of forestry economic .For a long time ,the value of forest ecological benefits can not get the corresponding compensation, which leads to the shortage of investment in forestry economic development.Forest area production input mainly includes: land, labor, forestry science and technology, capital, etc.
The first element is land.Land is a kind of scarce and important elements of the forestry production, but because woodland input number is relatively stable during a certain period, so the forest land has a little influence on the economic benefits of the forest region in a certain period.
Among forestry production inputs elements, labor element is very important, and the investment is mainly affected by forest forestry economic scale, especially in all logging enterprises, so labor change has the minimum effect on the economic benefits of the forest region.
In addition, forestry science and technology factor is extremely important.Science and technology is the first productive force, which is the most direct productivity.But due to the characteristics of forestry production, conversion rate of forestry science and technology achievements is low, in addition to the high-tech achievements, forestry science and technology achievement needs a longer time to realize the impact on forestry economic development.So the low conversion rate of forestry science and technology achievements has become one of the important factors that affect forest economic benefit.

Investment of forestry production capital plays a decision in the industry development of forestry production forestry.
Capital factor is one of the biggest one on the development of forest economic benefit.It can be seen from Figure 1 that there has a close relationship between forestry economic development and national investment in forestry, it can be said that capital investment is one of the most important factors for economic benefits.

Indicators building Principles of building indicators
Priority of doing evaluation to state-owned forestry region is to establish an economics benefit evaluation index.Building the evaluation index system should follow the following principles: scientific principle, operational principle, regional representative principle.

Indicators choosing
There are a lot of factors which should be considered during indicators choosing.Among all the research of forestry region economics benefits, most of them are qualitative studies, and quantitative studies do not start, which leads to the difficulties to do indicators choosing.Enterprise economics benefit indicators are treated as the reference for building the forestry region economics evaluation [4].The indicators are shown as follows： Step 2,doing KMO and Bartlett's Test to all 17 indicators，we can know that Sig.=0.00,and it shows that each variable is not dependent, which can be seen that there is a huge connection between indicators, it also can be seen that these indicators have repetitive description to forestry region economics benefits.Moreover, KMO test result is 0.586, which is larger than 0.5,which shows that this indicator system is reasonable，principal component analysis can be done.It can be shown from  It can be seen from Table 3 that, the accumulation variance contribution rate of the first three principal components has reached 84.62%, the contribution rate of the first one is 38.779%, the second one is 30.013%, the third one is 15.829%.It shows that the three factors contain 84.62% of all the information, and it is enough to represent other ingredients, and three factors can be extracted to replace the original seven indexes of forest economic benefit evaluation.
From the contribution rate of each principal component and characteristic vector of each principal component, the first principal component (F1) has the biggest influence on the economic benefits of the forestry region, and a single contribution rate has reached 38.779%.The most important factors of F1are X6 labor productivity, X4 current assets turnover rate, X1 total assets contribution rate; The second principal component (F2) has the bigger influence on the economic benefits of the forestry region, and a single contribution rate has reached 30.013%.The most important factors of F2 are X7 product sales rate, X3 asset-liability ratio, X2 asset value contribution rate; The third principal component (F3) has the smallest influence on forestry economic benefit, and a single contribution rate is 15.829%,and the main factor is X5profit margins.Component score coefficient matrix can be seen as follows: F1 = 0.283X1 + 0.006X2 − 0.003X3 + 0.379X4 − 0.137X5 + 0.486X6 + 0.072X7 F2 = 0.317X2 + 0.398X3 − 0.001X4 − 0.139X5 + 0.061X6 + 0.556X7 F3 = 0.221X1 + 0.259X2 − 0.006X3 + 0.005X4 + 0.631X5 − 0.303X6 − 0.255X7 Step 4, test result and concrete description.The variance contribution rate of three components are chose as the weight, and the overall evaluation model is built as follows: F=38.779%F1+30.013%F2+15.829%F3 Then the main component value of all variables and the overall evaluation value F, it can be seen in Table 6.

Overall economic benefit is poor
In general, the overall level of forest economic benefit is low, especially foe Gansu forestry province, Shanxi forestry management hall, Daxinganling forestry bureau, the benefit level is the most lowest.The overall labor productivity and product sales rate are extremely low, far lower from the national average value.It shows that there is the problem of low products sales and industrial value-added output, which should be improved as the key direction.

Capital operation ability is poor and capital utilization efficiency is low
Capital shortage is the main difficulty during the long term economic development process in forest region.Improving the operation quality and output efficiency of funds is the basic way to solve this difficult.While in practice, capital operation situation is not good.Working capital turnover ratio is the most important indicator to reflect the cash flow velocity, which is the most direct index to reflect capital operation ability or capital utilization efficiency in enterprise or industry [5].At present, working capital turnover ratio of forestry region is generally not high, which indicates that the capital operation ability of state-owned forestry region is poor, and the capital utilization efficiency is low, which is led by long-standing high consumption, low output and high cost, low quality of extensive management.

Forest management is given with primary processing of resources, which restricts the improvement of economic benefits
From the point of product attributes, the main body of forest products basically is the primary processing of resources.Few deep processing of products and low technical content lead to low added-value of products.Development of forest enterprises, extension of the forest products industry chain, increase the added-value are the key problem for all units in forestry region.The pattern with mainly primary processing of resources not only makes the poor product competition ability and profit ability, also make the situation of enterprise benefit being vulnerable to the changes of raw material price.Once the raw material price is raised, the enterprise is unbearable, which leads that economic benefits drop immediately.

Figure 1
Figure 1 Comparison figure between forestry investment and forestry economics output

Table 1State -owned forestry region economics evaluation indicators
Step 1, data obtainment.Original data is gotten from China Forestry Statistic Yearbook、forestry region statistic report.Except the indicators which are unable obtained,7 quantitative indicators from 17 forestry regions are decided.

Table 2 KMO and Bartlett's Test
Step3，using SPSS to do the principal component analysis，and the largest orthogonal study is used to extract the main component of variance.Characteristic value、variance contribution rate gravel figure, rotating component matrix and component score coefficient matrix are processed separately.