The Building of Indicators of Forest Farm's Sustainable Development Based on Entropy-AHP

This study establishes evaluation indicators for sustainable forest farm management referring to a large number of literatures on the previous study. Then using AHP-entropy and index weighting method to carry out the forestry sustainable development comprehensive evaluation. The result shows that the comprehensive index of sustainable management was 0.4084 in 2001, while the comprehensive index was 0.7321 in 2011. Ecological sustainable comprehensive index was 0.3552 in 2001, being in a sustainable state, while it was 0.9157 in 2011, being in a fully sustainable state; Sustainable economic index was 0.4570 in 2001, while it was 0.5845 in 2011, being in the weak sustainable state; Social sustainability index was 0.4324 in 2001, being in the weak sustainable state, while it was 0.7210 in 2011, being in the basic sustainable state. The result shows that the evaluation results is consistent with the actual situation, the index system is reasonable, which has certain scientific nature and feasibility.


INTRODUCTION
Sustainable development is a major problem which is concerned around the world.Forestry is the important foundation of economic and social sustainable development and is the main art of the ecological construction.Forestry sustainable development has the particular status (China Forestry Net, 2011).Forest farm's sustainable development is the foundation of realizing forestry sustainable development (Yao, 2008).
Nowadays, all countries are studying and researching criteria and indicators for sustainable forestry management system, while only few studies focus on the forest farm's sustainable development.On this basis, this article takes Ming Xi state-owned forest farm in Fujian as the research object, collects data of forest farm from 2001-2011 and combines previous research results of forestry sustainable development evaluation index, finally establishes evaluation indicators for sustainable forest management referring to a large number of literatures on the previous study.Secondly, using AHP-entropy and index weighting method to carry out the forestry sustainable development comprehensive evaluation, which has extremely important and practical significance to scientifically determine the region forestry farm management, reasonable plan sustainable forest management measures and promote local forestry sustainable development and sustainable management.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Profile of the study area: MingXi state-owned forest farm was founded in 1959, which is located in southeast of Wuyi mountain, E116°37′-117°35, N26°8′-26°39.Forest farm distributes in Mingxi seven towns and villages, forest farm management and timber production are very convenient.It is located in the low mountain hilly terrain and belongs to subtropical monsoon climate.Class I and II land account for 58.9% with superior natural conditions and it is suitable for building timber basis with Cunninghamia Lanceolata, Pinus Massoniana, Schima Superba etc.The total forestry land area is nearly 6600 hm 2 , including public welfare forest area of 6266.7 hm 2 .

Method of evaluation indexes:
The construction of evaluation indexes: The stateowned forestry farm sustainable management evaluation indicators is divided into 4 layers: target layer, system layer, state layer and index layer (Table 1).Target layer describes the operation of the state-owned forest sustainable management trend on the where in, A is the integrated evaluation index of one factor in this layer, n is the numbers the factor includes, wi is the weight of index i and Pi is the evaluation value of index i.For the total evaluation value, it is judged according to the standard of Table 2 (Zhou, 2007).

Indexes standardization processing:
Standardizing the indexes to use target value index method and target value can be decided according to Table 1.In this study, Z represents index evaluation value, P represents the actual value, S represents the reference value.For positive indicators, evaluation value Z = P/S, when the index value is greater than the target value, then Z = 1; Regarding the negative indexes, Z = S/P, when the index value is less than the target value, Z = 1.
Weighting calculation: By adopting the combination of subjective and objective entropy-AHP method for weight assignment (Zhou, 2007;Gao and Wang, 2005;Zhang and Shang, 2009).
Using the improved analytic hierarchy process to determine the subjective weight: AHP is a kind of decision-making method which is to break the elements related to the decision into some layers, such as objectives, principles, scheme and make qualitative and quantitative analysis (Thompson and Strict, 2001).But there were some shortage in deciding weight during the past study, improvement is needed.Volume method is adopted when determine the weight.
Using entropy weight method to determine the objective weight: In the comprehensive evaluation, the traditional entropy weight method has been widely used in natural resources sustainable development, such as animal and plant resources, land resources, because of its high credibility to determine weight value (Zhang and Shang, 2009).

RESULTS
MingXi state-owned forestry farm sustainable management evaluation system consists of four levels and 24 indicators.This article establishes evaluation indicators for sustainable forest farm management referring to a large number of literatures on the previous study.Then using AHP-entropy and index weighting method to carry out the forestry sustainable development comprehensive evaluation.The result shows that the comprehensive index of sustainable management was 0.4084 in 2001, while the comprehensive index was 0.7321 in 2011.Ecological sustainable comprehensive index was 0.3552 in 2001, being in a sustainable state, while it was 0.9157 in 2011, being in a fully sustainable state; Sustainable economic index was 0.4570 in 2001, while it was 0.5845 in 2011, being in the weak sustainable state; Social sustainability index was 0.4324 in 2001, being in the weak sustainable state, while it was 0.7210 in 2011, being in the basic sustainable state.
The evaluation result is consistent with the specific management condition from investigation to Ming Xi Forest farm, which shows that the index system is reasonable and has a certain scientific nature and feasibility.Moreover, according to the weight value and evaluation result, in MingXi state-owned sustainable forest management evaluation indicators, the major influence factors include: forest forestry category structure, asset-liability ratio, forest farm total production value, forestry output value, the output value per unit woodland area, average wage income of workers per year, etc. Thus, to improve the state of forest farm sustainable management, it should emphasize from the above several aspects.
The reasons for the improvement of sustainable management condition of MingXi state-owned forest farm mainly have the following aspects: • The implementation of the natural forest protection project, the six major afforestation and soil and water conservation engineering, makes the forest farm management have transition from mainly on economic construction to ecological construction.The importance of forestry soil and water conservation, oxygen supplement and forest tourism have been paid attention, which makes the ecological function of the MingXi state-owned forest farms greatly enhanced.• Under the support from the national and local government, population development and compulsory education policy have been gradually implemented, which makes the education level of forest farm workers and level of forestry science and technology improved obviously.

Table 1 :
The evaluation index of forest farm's sustainable development : Planning values; : The sustainable development requirements or affluent society reference value; : The local average value in 2011

Table 2 :
The level division of sustainable development

Table 3 :
The comprehension evaluation value of forest farm sustainable development