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Article Information:
Natural Radioactivity in Tanzania Cements and their Raw Materials
Aloyce Isaya Amasi, Kelvin Mark Mtei, Ijumba Jasper Nathan, Pawel Jodłowski and Chau Nguyen Dinh
Corresponding Author: Aloyce Isaya Amasi
Submitted: July 14, 2014
Accepted: August 26, 2014
Published: October 20, 2014 |
Abstract:
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This paper presents the study of natural radioactivity in Tanzania Portland cements and their raw materials. Samples collected as raw materials were pozzolan, sandstone, limestone, clay, gypsum and cement as finished products. The natural radioactivity due to the presence of radium 226Ra, thorium 232Th and potassium 40K were measured by means of gamma spectrometer coupled with HPGe detector. The mean measured activity concentrations of 226Ra, thorium 232Th and potassium 40K in the raw materials range from 2.6 to 93.2, 1.3 to 172.8 and 6.3 to 997 Bq/kg, respectively with higher activity concentrations in pozzolan and lower in gypsum. Activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in raw materials (excluding some materials from Songwe deposits in Mbeya region) are comparative with the worldwide average concentrations of these radionuclides in soil. The average activity concentration of 226Ra, thorium 232Th and potassium 40K in the cements are 46, 28 and 228 Bq/kg, respectively. The calculated values of radiological indices are below 60% of the upper recommended values for building materials. The average annual effective dose to an occupant from use of these materials equals to 0.45 mSv. Average activity concentrations of the mentioned radionuclides in Tanzania cements are in the middle of the variability interval of the national averages.
Key words: Annual effective dose, building materials, gamma-ray spectrometry, radium equivalent, radiation hazard, ,
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Cite this Reference:
Aloyce Isaya Amasi, Kelvin Mark Mtei, Ijumba Jasper Nathan, Pawel Jodłowski and Chau Nguyen Dinh, . Natural Radioactivity in Tanzania Cements and their Raw Materials. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, (10): 469-474.
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ISSN (Online): 2041-0492
ISSN (Print): 2041-0484 |
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