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Article Information:
Environmental Kuznets Curve and SO2 Emission in Pakistan
Muhammad Ismail, Momina Saleem and Khurram Shahzad
Corresponding Author: Muhammad Ismail
Submitted: November 26, 2013
Accepted: December 05, 2013
Published: April 20, 2014 |
Abstract:
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In this study, the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is hypothesized to examine the connection among SO2 emission, economic growth, trade liberalization, energy consumption and population density in Pakistan with annual data from 1970-2008. The co integration analysis using Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach is used. The outcomes support the hypothesis both in short-run and long-run and inverted U shaped relationship is found between SO2 emission and growth. Interestingly we found trade support the environment positively and population contributes to environmental degradation in Pakistan. The energy consumption and growth are the major explanatory variables which contribute to environmental pollution in Pakistan. Moreover, the time series data analysis is utilized and the stability of variables in estimated model is also evaluated.
Key words: Auto Regressive, Distributed Lag (ARDL), Environmental Kuznets Curve (ECK), environmental degradation, SO2, ,
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Cite this Reference:
Muhammad Ismail, Momina Saleem and Khurram Shahzad , . Environmental Kuznets Curve and SO2 Emission in Pakistan. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences, (4): 195-200.
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ISSN (Online): 2041-0492
ISSN (Print): 2041-0484 |
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