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Abstract
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Article Information:
Efficacy of Diminazene Aceturate with and without Levamisole or Dimethyl Sulfoxide in Reducing Organ Weight and Parasitemia in T. congolense Infected Rats
Eghianruwa, K.I. and Anika, S.M.
Corresponding Author: Eghianruwa, K.I
Submitted: February 29, 2010
Accepted: March 30, 2012
Published: October 20, 2012 |
Abstract:
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The efficacies of diminazene aceturate alone and in separate combinations with levamisole and
Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) in the treatment of T. congolense infection in rats were assessed on day 7 post
infection and days 7 and 14 post treatment using changes in the weights and histology of the liver, spleen, heart
and brain as well as parasitemia as parameters. Infected rats were treated with 7.0 mg/kg diminazene aceturate
on day 7 post infection following which DMSO (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg, respectively) and levamisole (10, 20 and
40 mg/kg, respectively) were administered as daily supplements to different groups of rats. Trypanosoma
congolense only caused significant increase in spleen weight. There were no histopathological lesions in any
organ. Infection had no effect on heart weight. Liver and spleen weights were lower in the diminazene group
by day 7 Post Treatment (PT), but this situation was reversed by day 14 PT. Increase in the dose of DMSO
caused increased liver weight. Diminazene/DMSO combination was more effective at 14 days PT in reducing
spleen weight than treatment with diminazene alone. On the contrary, diminazene/levamisole combination was
less effective than diminazene alone in reducing spleen weight. Parasites disappeared after diminazene
treatment but reappeared only in the diminazene and levamisole groups by day 14 PT. Early relapse and high
virulence of the Basa strainof T. congolense used may be responsible for the ineffectiveness of the three
treatment protocols.
Key words: Diminazene, DMSO, levamisole, liver weight, parasitemia, rat, spleen weight, trypanosome
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Cite this Reference:
Eghianruwa, K.I. and Anika, S.M., . Efficacy of Diminazene Aceturate with and without Levamisole or Dimethyl Sulfoxide in Reducing Organ Weight and Parasitemia in T. congolense Infected Rats. International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, (5): 306-311.
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ISSN (Online): 2041-2908
ISSN (Print): 2041-2894 |
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