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Abstract
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Article Information:
Effects of Aqueous Extract of Anacardium occidentale (Cashew) Leaf on Pregnancy Outcome of Wistar Rats
S.S. Dare, W.O. Hamman, S. Musa, A.D.T. Goji, A.A. Oyewale, S. Abba and I. Ezekiel
Corresponding Author: A.D.T. Goji
Submitted: 2011 January, 23
Accepted: 2011 February, 23
Published: 2011 April, 05 |
Abstract:
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Anacardium occidentale (cashew) leaf extract is used medicinally to treat various kinds of diseases
such as diabetes, fever, bronchitis etc, in different parts of the world including Nigeria. This study investigates
the effect of A. occidentale leaf extract on reproductive outcome of Wistar rats. Twenty female wistar rats were
divided into 4 groups (I, II, III, and IV), n = 5 in each group. Group I is the control while groups II, III and IV
are experimental groups. 300 mg/kg of aqueous leaf extract of A. occidentale was administered orally to group
II, III and IV during early (days 1-7) mid- (days 7-14) and late (days 14-21) pregnancy respectively. The leaf
extract significantly (p<0.05) shows low birthweight on the pupsborn in early and mid pregnancy but high
birthweight in late pregnancy: (Control vs treatment; early pregnancy, 7.220±0.030 vs 5.753±0.166 g; mid
pregnancy, 7.220±0.030 g vs 5.431±0.149 g; late pregnancy, 7.220±0.030 vs 7.60±0.00 g), Crown-rump length
(control vs treatment: early pregnancy, 6.450±0.050 vs 5.875±0.139 g; mid pregnancy, 6.450±0.050 vs
5.713±0.064 g; late pregnancy, 6.450±0.050 vs 6.50±0.00 g), Head Circumference, (control vs treatment: early
pregnancy, 1.150±0.05 vs 1.225±0.016 g; mid pregnancy, 1.150±0.05 vs 1.138±0.026 g; late pregnancy,
1.150±0.05 vs 1.30±0.00 g). Life birth index is unaltered. Quantal pregnancy (%) in groups I, II, III and IV
is 75, 80, 80 and 75, respectively. Litter size in group I, II, III and IV is 2, 8, 8 and 1, respectively. Gestation
length is unaltered. The leaf extract was non teratogenic. In conclusion, the leaf extract of A. occidentale
administered revealed low birthweight, crown-rump length in early and mid pregnancy but increased
birthweight and crown-rump length in late pregnancy.
Key words: Anacardium occidentale, birthweight, crown-rump length, pregnancy , teratogenic, ,
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Cite this Reference:
S.S. Dare, W.O. Hamman, S. Musa, A.D.T. Goji, A.A. Oyewale, S. Abba and I. Ezekiel, . Effects of Aqueous Extract of Anacardium occidentale (Cashew) Leaf on Pregnancy Outcome of Wistar Rats. International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, (2): 77-82.
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ISSN (Online): 2041-2908
ISSN (Print): 2041-2894 |
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