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Abstract
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Article Information:
Preliminary Evaluation of Anti-Diarrheal, Ulcer-Protective and Acute Toxicity of Aqueous Ethanolic Stem Bark Extract of Ficus trichopoda in Experimental Rodents
S.O. Balogun, J.K. Tanayen, A.M. Ajayi, A. Ibrahim, J.O.C. Ezeonwumelu, A.A. Oyewale, O.J. Oloro, A.D.T. Goji, D.M. Kiplagat and B. Adzu
Corresponding Author: S.O. Balogun
Submitted: 2010 November, 15
Accepted: 2010 December, 13
Published: 2011 February, 25 |
Abstract:
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Ficus trichopoda, Baker, is a medicinal plant belonging to the Moraceae family used popularly as
a ‘multi-purpose’ herb in Uganda. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-diarrheal, ulcer protective
effects of 70% ethanolic extract of Ficus trichopoda stem bark (FTE) and its acute toxicity. The anti-diarrheal
effect was evaluated using castor-oil induced diarrhea model while anti-ulcer effect was evaluated using
ethanol-induced ulcer model using rats. Loperamide and misoprostol were used as standard drugs for diarrhea
and ulcer studies respectively. The extract was administered orally at three different doses of 125, 250 and 500
mg/kg. Acute toxicity was evaluated by oral administration of the extract at 1000, 2000 and 4000 mg/kg body
weight in mice. The extract exhibited a graded dose-dependent inhibition of the castor oil induced diarrhea. The
onset-time and severity of diarrhea was significantly reduced (p<0.05). Anti-diarrhea activity exerted was
significant at 250 mg/kg (66.67% inhibition) and maximal at 500 mg/kg (88.89% inhibition). The inhibition
at 500 mg/kg compared well with the standard drug, Loperamide which produced 100% inhibition of diarrhea
in rats. Also, oral administration of FTE produces a dose-dependent inhibition of ethanol-induced gastric ulcer
with maximal effect at 500 mg/kg (49.05%). The oral LD50 value obtained was >4000 mg/kg in mice.
Preliminary phytochemical screenings indicated the presence of reducing sugar, alkaloids, saponnins,
pyrocathecolic tannins and free amino acids/amines. This study confirmed the antidiarrheal properties of this
plant as it is used in traditional medicine.
Key words: Acute toxicity, anti diarrheal, Ficus trichopoda, gastroprotective, loperamide, Uganda,
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Cite this Reference:
S.O. Balogun, J.K. Tanayen, A.M. Ajayi, A. Ibrahim, J.O.C. Ezeonwumelu, A.A. Oyewale, O.J. Oloro, A.D.T. Goji, D.M. Kiplagat and B. Adzu, . Preliminary Evaluation of Anti-Diarrheal, Ulcer-Protective and Acute Toxicity of Aqueous Ethanolic Stem Bark Extract of Ficus trichopoda in Experimental Rodents. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, (1): 37-42.
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ISSN (Online): 2040-8773
ISSN (Print): 2040-8765 |
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