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     Asian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

    Abstract
2013(Vol.5, Issue:5)
Article Information:

Evaluation of Insecticide Properties of Ethanolic Extract from Balanites aegyptiaca, Melia azedarach and Ocimum gratissimum leaves on Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleptera: Bruchidae)

Benoît Bargui Koubala, Ange-Patrice Takoudjou Miafo, Djilé Bouba, Aristide Guillaume Silapeux Kamda and Germain Kansci
Corresponding Author:  Benoit Bargui Koubala 
Submitted: December 31, 2012
Accepted: January 31, 2013
Published: September 25, 2013
Abstract:
In order to protect crops and food stocks against the grain depreciators while preserving the environment, ethanolic extracts of some plant leaves (Balanites aegyptiaca, Melia azedarach and Ocimum gratissimum) were tested for their insecticide activities on Callosobruchus maculatus. In jars and petri dishes and at doses 10, 15, 25 and 50%, respectively biological tests were realized with the extracts obtained by maceration in ethanol (95%) of leaves powders of these plants. The rearing of C. maculatus and anti-insect test were conducted in laboratory conditions at a temperature of 29.1°C and a relative humidity of 74%. The results were compared with those of the negative (only ethanol) and positive (Star grain) control. At the end of the first day of exposure, the lowest dose (10%) of B. aegyptiaca< resulted in a high mortality (85%) of C. maculatus and 50% dose of M. azedarach, 68.33% of mortality. Seventy two hours after treatment, the highest mortality (100%) was obtained with 50% dose of . All these extracts showed repellent effects proportional to the dose. O. gratissimum extract had the highest repellency (Class IV) and also proved highly persistence (63.33% mortality after 24 h of exposure). This Insecticide activity could be correlated to the presence of secondary metabolites such as saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolics and terpenes. These results suggest that these plant extracts could be used as an alternative in the fight against C. maculatus in the areas of culture and seed storage areas.

Key words:  Balanites aegyptiaca, biopesticide, Callosobruchus maculates, Melia azedarach, Ocimum gratissimum, Vigna unguiculata,
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Cite this Reference:
Benoît Bargui Koubala, Ange-Patrice Takoudjou Miafo, Djilé Bouba, Aristide Guillaume Silapeux Kamda and Germain Kansci, . Evaluation of Insecticide Properties of Ethanolic Extract from Balanites aegyptiaca, Melia azedarach and Ocimum gratissimum leaves on Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleptera: Bruchidae). Asian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, (5): 93-101.
ISSN (Online):  2041-3890
ISSN (Print):   2041-3882
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